Machine for expanding the ends of pipes



(NoModeL) 4 Sheets-Sheet '1.

G. M'ATHESON. MAGHINE FOR EXEANDING THE END$ OF PIPES.

No. 410,000. Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

n. Pucks, PPM W Washington nc,

(No Model.) 4 Sheets- Sheet 2.;

G. MATHESON. MAUHINB FOR EXPANDING THE ENDS 0F PIPES.-

No. 410,000. Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

N Q 1 l m N l I l I WITNESSES: INVENTOR,

N. PETERS. mwumw, Walhingion. BC.

3 t e e h S w e e h 4 N O S E H T A aw a d o M 0 MACHINE FOR EXPANDINGTHE ENDS OP-PIPES. No. 410,000.

Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

E M m m m M 0 W ifi @N. N" m l 0 M r M Q Q WM 1+ 0! T- U 6 m M a I] m MH: l w, 1W I uwkv N 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

. MATHESON. MACHINE .FOR EXPANDING THE ENDS OP-PIPES. Nb. 410,000.Patented Aug. 2'7; 1889. 0

mysu'roli,

WIT n :ss ES I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE MATHESON, E BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR EXPANDINGTHE ENDS OF PIPES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,000, dated August27, 1889.

Application filed June 20, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

-Be it known that I, GEORGE MATHESON, of Brooklyn, in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Machines for Expanding the Ends of Pipes, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which toFigure 1 is a plan view of my improved Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinalsection on the line II II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of themachine. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section on the lines IV IV of FigsJland 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section on the line V V of Fig. 4.Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-section on the lines VI VI of Figsl and 3.Fig. 7 is an'axial longitudinal section of a pipe-joint, showing a pipethe end of which has been shaped by the machine.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

I have shown Fig. 7 for the purpose of making clear the description ofthe construction and operation of the machine, and not for the machine.

.purpose of limiting the application of the machine to any particularuse. Referring to this figure, b and 0 represent pipes .which are joinedtogether at their abutting ends, the spigot end of the pipe 0 'fittingwithin the flared or bell-shaped end of the pipe I), so as to form anannular space within the bowl of the pipe I) and around the pipe 0, inwhich calking material such as molten le'adis poured for the purpose ofsealing the joint.

I shall now describe the shape of the flared end of the pipe I). At therear or inner portion of the flared end there is an annular portion I)of the pipe, which is expanded some what relatively to the cylindricalpart b of the pipe, the inner end of the portion 1) forming an annularshoulder or stop against which the end of the pipe 0 abuts, as shown inthe drawings. Next to the portion 1) of the pipe there is an annularportion 19 which is expanded to a greater diameter than the portion 1),and next to and :outside of the portion 72 the end 12 of the pipe isexpanded to a diameter greater than that of the portion 1), but somewhatless than that of the portion b There is thus formed within the pipe,oppo: site to the flared portion 12 an annular recess Serial No.314,952. (No model.)

b which is limited on one side by the annular portion 1) and on theother by the end portion 12?. An annular groove 0 is cut around the pipe0, opposite to the annular recess b of the pipe I), and this recess 1),in conjunction with the groove 0', affords means for holding the lead orother calking material in place when it has been poured around the jointinside of the bell end of the pipel).

sesses many advantages. It is strong as rethe joint is not weakened bytapping of screw-threads, nor is it weakened by producing the recess 1)by cutting into the material of the pipe I), and the joint being thus ofproper strength the body of the pipe can be made of comparatively'lighter material and with correspondingly less cost than if the jointwere weakened by tapping, as before indicated. While this joint is inthese respects a good one, the fact that the recess 11 is.-inade byexpanding an annular portion in the interior of the pipe would cause itto be quite difficult to manufacture with the imperfect appliancesheretofore known in the art. I have therefore devised my presentmachine, which is so constructed as to expand and shape the end of apipe with great rapidity, saving of labor, and with uniformity andregularity in the product of the machine.

Referring now to the drawings, 2 represents a hydraulic cylinder mountedon a suitable pedestal or support 3, which forms part of themachine-frame and is provided with the usual water-pipe 4, throughwhich, by the action of the controlling-valve, motive fluidsuch aswateris admitted to and discharged therefrom. Thepiston or plunger 5 ofthe cylinder is preferably made of a single casting, and has at itsinner end a packing ring or disk 6, which is held to the plunger bymeans of a follower 7.

In the operation of the machine the plunger is advanced by means offluid-power in the cylinder 2, and to retract the plunger I employ anauxiliary motor consistingof a cylinder 8, situate at the rear of thecylinder 2, and preferably cast in a single piece therewith, andprovided with a piston 9, preferably constructed and arranged similarlyto the plunger 6 and connected therewith by tiegards the construction ofthe pipe, because The pipe-joint which is thus produced posrods 10,extending on the outside of the cylinders' and secured to cross-heads onthe plungers. The plungers are controlled by a suitable valve 11, havinga supply-pipe 12, pipes 4: and 13 leading to the cylinders, andexhaust-pipes 14 and 15. The valve is of the usual construction and isprovided with the usual stem and operating-lever 16, by which thevalve-plunger may be put into position to admit water from the supply 12into the main cylinder and to exhaust it from the auxiliary cylinder, orto admit it to the auxiliary cylinder and exhaust it from the maincylinder, or to cut off the supply to both cylinders at once, as will bereadily understood.

The mandrel 17, which acts to expand the pipe, consists of a block ofmetal of substantially cone-shape, which is fixed to the forward end ofthe plunger 5, the preferable mode of attachment being to make theplunger hollow and to screw the end of the mandrel therein.

. In advance of and opposite to the face of the mandrel 17 is theannular die, within which the end of the pipe is set during theexpanding operation. This die is made of two sections 18, hinged by pins19 to a block 20, which is mounted on one of the braces 21 of themachine and is held in position thereon by means of a set-block 22. Thesections 18 are movable pivotally on the pins 19, and when broughttogether, as shown in Fig. 6, they present a central annular die-cavitydirectly opposite to and concentric with the axis of the mandrel. \Vhenthus brought together, the die-sections are confined in position bybolts 23 and keys 24, which pass through suitable slots in the bolts,and the upper ends of the I conjoined sections are braced and steadiedby means of a collar 25 on the upper brace 21, and by means of a strutor distance-piece interposed between the collar and the frame 26 at theend of the machine. In this frame 26, at the ends of the braces 21, is aclamp or gripper consisting of two sections 27, mounted in horizontalguideways in the frame and each provided with a nearly-semicircularface. These sections are adapted to be moved toward and away from eachother by the following mechanism. 28 is a hydraulic cylinder set in andsecured to the frame 26, the plunger 29 of which cylinder is fixed toone of the sections 27, which is also suit-ably counterbalanced by meansof weights 27 or otherwise, so that when pressure is not exerted on theplunger 29 it shall automatically move within the cylinder toward therear thereof. The other section 27 is keyed to a cam box or yoke 30,which is set in slideways in the frame of the machine and is providedwith an eccentric or cam 31 and an operating-lever 32, journaled asshown in Fig. 5.

I shall now describe the shape of the mandrel and the cavity of theannular die. At the outer end of the latter cavity is an annularport-ion d, which is about the same in diof, a stepped cone, having aseries'of annular I portions or zones of increasing diameter from theforward end rearwardly. The outer zone 6 is the same in diameter as theportion d of the die less the thickness of the pipe to be shaped. Thezone 6' bears the same relation to the annular portion (1 of the die,and the zone 6 bears the same relation to the portion d of the die.

The operation of the machine is as follows: In order to flare and shapethe end of the pipe, as mentioned in the former part of thisspecification, its end is brought to a welding heat in a suitablefurnace, and is then placed on a supporting-roller in front of themachine, and is moved longitudinally thereon between the separatedclamp-sections 27 and between the sections of the annular die. Theclampsections are then brought together by moving the lever 32 from theposition shown in dotted lines to the position shown in full lines,thereby moving its clamp-section to the middle of the machine, and byadvancing the other section by means of its hydraulic motor, so as totightly grasp the interposed pipe. The plunger 5 is then projected bythe admission of water into the main cylinder 2, thereby advancing themandrel 17, which enters the end of the pipe. The zone 6 at the end ofthe mandrel being of the same external diameter as the interior of thepipe, en ters the pipe without expanding it. The zone 6, being somewhatlarger, expands the pipe as it enters, as does also the zone e, which isof still greater diameter. \Vhen the zone c has entered the end of thepipe, the zone 6 at the end ofthe mandrel will be within the annularportion (Z of the die-cavity, and as the mandrel continues to advancethe circular stop or shoulder f at the rear of the zone 6 engages theend of the pipe and tends to force it inward. All the portions of thepipe will then have been expanded into contact with the circumference ofthe die, which limits its further expansion, except at the annularportion (1 of the die, and the eifect of the inward pushing exerted onthe pipe by the shoulder f therefore swells out the hot material of thepipe into the annular portion d which is the one cavity remaining forits expansion, thus producing an annular outward flare or bulge of thepipe at this place, which flare is of greater diameter than that of theportion 6 of the mandrel which is opposite thereto. The form ofthe'flare thus produced is clearly shown in Fig. 7, the unflaredportion.

the mandrel is stripped therefrom by retract-- ing the plunger by meansof the auxiliary cylinder, and the clamps 27 are opened by retractingthe hydraulic plunger 29 of one clamp-section and reversing theeccentric 31,

of the other. The pipe may then be removed from the machine.

I have found in practice that it makes the mandrel somewhat easier todisengage and prevents its corrosion or burning to coat it withlubricating-oil before the beginning of the operation of expanding thepipe end.

The action of the machine in expanding the pipe is Very rapid and thelabor of handling the pipe is small, so that I am enabled to form thejoints above described with Very little cost.

In order to strengthen the joint after the pipe has been expanded, Iprefer to shrink on the end of the pipe aring as shown in Fig. 7.

Of course the die, mandrel, and clamp must be exchanged forcorresponding parts of dif ferent size when the size of the pipe to beoperated on in the machine is changed; but from the construction andrelative arrangement of these parts it is clear that their removal andreadjustment is easy.

I do not claim herein specifically the construction of the mandrel andannular die, since,

they have been included as the subject-matter of another application forLetters Patent, Serial No; 292,466.

I claim 1. The combination of an expanding mandrel and die, a hydraulicmotor comprising a cylinder and plunger by which the mandrel isprojected, and an auxiliary cylinder and plunger by which it may beretracted and stripped from the pipe, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

2. The combination of an expanding mandrel and die, a hydraulic motorcomprising a cylinder and plunger by Which the mandrel is projected, andan auxiliary cylinder and plunger by which it may be retracted andstripped from thepipe, said cylinders being situate in substantially thesame axial line and formed of an integral piece of metal, substantiallyas and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of an expanding mandrel and die, a hydraulic motorcomprising a cylinder and plunger by which the mandrel is projected, anauxiliary cylinder and plunger by which it may be retracted and strippedfrom the pipe, and a common valve controlling the cylinders,substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. The combination, with an expanding-.1 mandrel, of a clamp for holdingthe pipe, said clamp consisting of separable sections, and-a hydraulicmotor by which one at least of the sections is moved, substantially asand for the purposes described.

5. The combination, with an expanding mandrel, of a clamp for holdingthe pipe, said clamp consisting of separable sections, a hydraulic motorby which one of the sections is moved, and an eccentric by which theother section is moved, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination, with an expandingmandrel, of a clamp for holding thepipe, said clamp consisting of separable sections, an ec centric, and aneccentric-box set in a recess or slideway in the machine-frame andconnected with the clamp-section, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

'7. The combination of the machine-frame, a hydraulic motor and mandrelat one end thereof, a gripper or clamp and its actuating mechanism atthe other end, and braces or rods connecting the ends of saidmachineframe, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set my hand this 27th dayof May, A.D. 1889.

Giro. MATHESON.

Witnesses:

A. M. LALLY, JAS; H. MATHESON.

